Fig. 2
Effects of rhANP on the neuroinflammation and cognitive function after LPS-triggered endotoxemia. a Treatment schedule. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 5 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline. Recombinant human ANP (rhANP; 1.0 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline were intraperitoneally injected to mice 24 h before and 10 min after LPS injection. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were collected 24 h after injection of LPS or 0.9% saline. b, c Western blot analysis of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (iba-1) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 6.170, P = 0.0062) and hippocampus (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 5.250, P = 0.0119). d, e Western blot analysis of interleukin (IL)-6 in the PFC (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 5.958, P = 0.0072) and hippocampus (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 17.60, P < 0.0001). f, g Western blot analysis of IL-17A in the PFC (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 4.498, P = 0.0206) and hippocampus (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 6.268, P = 0.0058). h, i Western blot analysis of interferon (IFN)-γ in the PFC (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 11.18, P = 0.0003) and hippocampus (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 7.611, P = 0.0024). j, k Western blot analysis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the PFC (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 5.530, P = 0.0097) and hippocampus (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 8.550, P = 0.0013). l, m Western blot analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the PFC (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 7.328, P = 0.0029) and hippocampus (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 7.597, P = 0.0024). n, o Entries in the novel arm (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 31.33, P < 0.0001) and duration in the novel arm (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 13.34, P < 0.0001) in the Y maze test. p Latency to eat food in the buried food test (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 7.129, P = 0.0033). Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n = 10/group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.0001; N.S. not significant