Table 1 Characteristics HCs, DCs, and patients with MS, NMOSD, and MOG-AD

Number

27

22

24

11

12

9

8

Age

38 (22–60)

34 (22–54)

46 (24–65)

36 (17–66)

51 (30–72)

39 (23–53)

43 (39–74)

Male: female

6:21

5:17

2:22

3:8

6:6

2:7

1:7

disease duration (months)

56 (0–118)

53 (0–173)

35 (0–78)

51 (0–118)

47 (0–162)

Age of symptom onset

29 (19–52)

38 (20–63)

50 (16–66)

33 (19–52)

39 (26–63)

Medications

 Naïve

15

0

4

6

1

 IFNβ, n

4

2

 Glatiramer acetate, n

2

0

 Dymethyl fumarate, n

1

1

 Prednisone, n

0

22

7

0

5

 Daily dose of prednisone, median (mg/day)

7

5 (3–7)

8 (5–14)

 Tacrolimus, n

0

4

0

0

3

 Azathioprine, n

0

4

0

0

0

 Mizoribine, n

0

1

0

0

0

Normal pressure hydrocephalus n = 1

Cerebral venous thrombosis n = 1

Old cerebral infarction n = 4

causeless sensory abnormality n = 2

Parkinson disease n = 4