Fig. 6

Proximal astrocytes show morphological changes consistent with activation. The morphologies of control astrocytes from contralateral hippocampal sections (Contra.), ipsilateral FUS-treated hippocampal sections (Ipsi.), and MORPHIOUS classified distal, and proximal (Prox.) subregions within ipsilateral sections were compared. Between-group differences in GFAP mean intensity (A), mean branch length per cell (B), GFAP % area coverage (C), and mean number of branches per cell (D) were assessed. Groups were analyzed with a mixed linear model, and between-group were assessed via a Sidak’s Post-hoc analysis. Significance: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001. Data represent mean ± SD; N = 4 per group (Contra., Ipsi., Distal, Prox.). Contra., contralateral; FUS, focused ultrasound; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; Ipsi., ipsilateral; Prox., proximal