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Fig. 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 4

From: Innate immune stimulation by monophosphoryl lipid A prevents chronic social defeat stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice

Fig. 4

Effect of repeated MPL injection 10 days before stress exposure on CSDS-induced anxiety. A Timeline for the evaluation of the effect of 1 × and 4 × MPL injections on CSDS-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. B–D Quantitative analysis showing the differential effect of 1 × and 4 × MPL injections (400 μg/kg) 10 days before stress exposure on the time spent in open arms (B), the number of entries into open arms (C), and the number of entries into total arms (D) in the EPM test in mice treated with or without CSDS and/or MPL (n = 10, *p < 0.05 or **p < 0.01 vs. vehicle; ##p < 0.01 vs. vehicle + CSDS). E, F Quantitative analysis showing the differential effect of 1 × and 4 × MPL injections (400 μg/kg) 10 days before stress exposure on the time spent in lit side (E) and the number of total transitions (F) in lit and dark side in the LDT in mice treated with or without CSDS and/or MPL (n = 10, **p < 0.01 vs. vehicle; ##p < 0.01 vs. vehicle + CSDS). G, H Quantitative analysis showing the differential effect of 1 × and 4 × MPL injections (400 μg/kg) 10 days before stress exposure on the time spent in the center region of the open field (G) and the total distance (H) in the OFT in mice treated with or without CSDS and/or MPL (n = 10, **p < 0.01 vs. vehicle; ##p < 0.01 vs. vehicle + CSDS). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Comparisons were made by two-way ANOVA with (B, C, E, G) or without (D, F, H) Bonferroni test

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