Skip to main content
Fig. 5 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 5

From: Cyclic multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry and machine learning reveal distinct states of astrocytes and microglia in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease

Fig. 5

Effect of proximity to AD neuropathological changes (Aβ plaques or PHF1+ NFTs) on astrocytic and microglial phenotypes from AD subjects. a Representative high-plex image of astrocytes from an AD subject. For clarity, only ALDH1L1, EAAT2, and GFAP markers are shown together with Aβ. Scale bar: 100 µm, insets a1–a3: 10 µm. b Histograms show the proportion of each astrocytic phenotype with respect to all AD astrocytes as a function of the distance (µm, x axis) to the nearest Aβ plaque or PHF1+ NFT. Reactive astrocytes were relatively more closely associated with AD neuropathological changes than intermediate astrocytes, and these more than homeostatic astrocytes. c Representative high-plex image of microglia from the same field of the same AD subject. For clarity, only IBA1, TMEM119, and CD68 markers are shown together with Aβ. Scale bar: 100 µm, insets c1–c3: 10 µm. d Histograms indicate the proportion of each microglial phenotype with respect to all AD microglial profiles as a function of the distance (µm, x axis) to the nearest Aβ plaque or PHF1+ NFT. Reactive microglia were relatively more closely associated with AD neuropathological changes than intermediate microglia, and these more than homeostatic microglia

Back to article page