From: Mild-to-severe traumatic brain injury in children: altered cytokines reflect severity
Cytokine | Controls | Mild TBI | sTBI | p value* | p value ** |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IL-2 | 0.06 (0.75–2.80) | 0.06 (0.86–1.34) | 0.87 (0.87–0.87) | 0.98 | 0.47 |
IL-4 | 0.80 (1.74–2.34) | 0.69 (1.68–2.06) | 1.72 (1.72–1.72) | 0.34 | 0.66 |
IL-6 | 2.74 (2.19–3.28) | 6.58 (4.71–8.45) | 57.51 (19.32–95.70) | 0.005 |  < 0.0001 |
IL-8 | 70.69 (61.19–80.18) | 26.9 (21.02–32.97) | 102.2 (3.70–200.8) |  < 0.0001 | 0.38 |
IL-10 | 4.65 (3.72–5.58) | 3.32 (1.59–5.05) | 3.75 (1.09–6.41) |  < 0.0001 | 0.72 |
IL-17A | 14.98 (8.02–21.93) | 1.48 (1.14–1.82) | 1.39 (0.78–1.99) |  < 0.0001 | 0.42 |
TNF-α | 15.73 (13.51–17.95) | 6.65 (5.14–8.15) | 15.29 (2.33–28.24) |  < 0.0001 | 0.82 |
IFN-γ | 107.9 (75.63–140.1) | 203.2 (-49.95–456.4) | 17.55 (17.55–17.55) |  < 0.0001 | 0.01 |