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Fig. 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 1

From: PD-L1 signaling in reactive astrocytes counteracts neuroinflammation and ameliorates neuronal damage after traumatic brain injury

Fig. 1

De novo expression of PD-L1 was markedly and transiently induced in the brain of TBI mice. After perfusion with heparinized-PBS to remove blood, the brain tissues were harvested for IHC or western blot analysis of PD-L1 expression. A Coronal sections of the brain tissues from mice at different timepoints of post-TBI or -sham. Black dots demonstrate PD-L1 positive cells. Time course of PD-L1 expression included 72 h post-sham and 24-h, 72-h, 1-week, and 2-week post-TBI. B Quantification of PD-L1 expression intensity in cortex of brain coronal sections from mice at different timepoints of post-TBI or –sham using the ImageJ software. C Western blot analysis of PD-L1 in the brain tissues of mice at different timepoints of post-TBI or –sham. The brain tissues of mice 72 h post-sham or 24-h to 2-week post-TBI were harvested for protein extraction, followed by western blot analysis of PD-L1. β-tubulin was used as an internal control. D Pooled data of western blot results. For quantification of PD-L1 and β-tubulin, immunoreactive bands were scanned and quantified using NIH ImageJ software. The intensity of each PD-L1 band was normalized with the intensity of its corresponding loading control (β-tubulin) and plotted as arbitrary units. Data of IHC and western blot were obtained from 3 mice per timepoint per group. ns, not significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. 24 h, 24 h; 72 h, 72 h; 1 W, 1 week; 2 W, 2 weeks

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