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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: TNFα-mediated necroptosis in brain endothelial cells as a potential mechanism of increased seizure susceptibility in mice following systemic inflammation

Fig. 3

C87 and GSK872 pretreatment attenuated the increased susceptibility to kainic acid-induced seizures in mice following LPS injection. A The experimental protocol. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 12.5 mg/kg C87, a TNFα receptor inhibitor, given at 24 and 1 h before 4 mg/kg LPS i.p. injection or with 2 mg/kg GSK872, a RIP3 inhibitor, at 1 h before LPS injection. Three days later, seizure susceptibility to 3 mg/kg kainic acid (KA) was evaluated (n = 7–10 mice per group). B Seizure susceptibility of treated mice scored once every 5 min over the 2-h period following KA injection. Using two-way repeated measures ANOVA analysis, the Bonferroni post hoc analysis revealed a significant difference between C87-treated mice and GSK872-treated mice, compared with vehicle-treated mice following LPS injection, and a significant difference between C87- and GSK872-treated mice. C Latency to initial seizure onset (tonic with or without clonic convulsion) after KA administration. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA; Bonferroni post hoc test vs. vehicle- and LPS-treated groups; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. D The total duration (min) of seizure behavior of stage 4 or more. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA; Bonferroni post hoc test vs. vehicle- and LPS-treated groups; ***p < 0.001

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