Fig. 1

Dopamine inhibits IL-1β production by THP-1 cells and primary human microglia. a IL-1β output by PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells upon canonical inflammasome activation with nigericin (10 µM) in the presence or absence of a DA gradient (125 µM–1 mM; 3 experiments, n = 4). b Dose-inhibition curve indicating effect of DA on IL-1β output by primary human microglia upon canonical activation with LPS (20 ng/mL, 3.5 h) followed by nigericin (10 µM, 30 min.) in the presence or absence of a DA gradient (250 µM–2 mM, representative experiment). c The plasma membrane integrity of human microglia is not perturbed by DA at 1 mM overnight. Representative experiment. d Primary human microglia metabolic function is not affected by 1 mM DA overnight. Representative experiment. e DA inhibits non-canonical, LPS-mediated IL-1β production in primary human microglia (2 experiments, n = 3). f DA inhibits α-syn-mediated IL-1β production by primary human microglia (3 experiments, n = 3). ***p < 0.001, ns = not significant by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple testing correction. Shapes represent individual experiments