ALS monocyte-derived microglia-like cells reveal cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation, DNA damage, and cell-specific impairment of phagocytosis associated with disease progression

Table 1 Summary of donor information

Study Cohorts:	Healthy Control	ALS			P value
Disease progression		Slow	Intermediate	Rapid
No. of participants	N = 20	N = 15	N = 6	N = 9
Sex of participants
Females	55% (11/20)	33.3% (5/15)	66.7% (4/6)	44.4% (4/9)	0.46^c+
%, (proportion)	55% (11/20)	33.3% (5/15)	66.7% (4/6)	44.4% (4/9)
Males	45% (9/20)	66.7% (10/15)	33.3% (2/6)	55.6% (5/9)
%, (proportion)	45% (9/20)	66.7% (10/15)	33.3% (2/6)	55.6% (5/9)
Age: Mean (± SD)	65.3 (8.9)	57.2 (10.2)	70.3 (9.7)	66.0 (8.84)	0.40^d+
Site of onset	–
Bulbar: %, (proportion)		13.3% (2)	16.7% (1)	22.2% (2)	0.85^c−
Spinal: %, (proportion)		86.7% (13)	83.3% (5)	77.8% (7)	0.85^c−
ALSFRS-R^a: mean, ± SD (range)		41.6, ± 3.4 (34–46)	41, ± 2.3 (38–44)	36.8, ± 5.04 (30–46)	0.02^d−
ΔFS^b: mean, ± SD (range)		0.25, ± 0.1 (0.1–0.45)	0.60, ± 0.1 (0.57–0.67)	1.72, 0.76 (1–3.4)	0.001^d−

^aALSFRS-R (at diagnosis, when PBMCs were taken; normal score = 48)
^bDelta FS ratio (rate of disease progression); (48- ALSFRS-R score at time of diagnosis)/ time onset to diagnosis)
SD Standard deviation
ALSFRS-R Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale;
^cChi-square test
^dANOVA
⁺p value for comparison between HC and ALS cohort
⁻p value for comparison between ALS subgroups

ISSN: 1742-2094