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Table 1 Demographics of participants

From: CSF GFAP levels in double seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: no evidence of astrocyte damage

 

DN-NMOSD

(n = 17)

AQP4–NMOSD

(n = 30)

MOGAD

(n = 17)

ONDs

(n = 15)

Age at sampling (years, mean ± SD)

32.3 ± 9.6

35.2 ± 11.1

31.2 ± 7.3

36.8 ± 7.4

Gender (female:male)

10:7

27:3

13:4

8:7

Ethnicity

Korean (11), Thai (1), Caucasian (4), Turkish (1)

Korean (29), Thai (1)

Korean (17)

Korean (15)

Phenotypes met the seronegative NMOSD criteria

 ON + LETM

 ON + cerebral

 ON + APS

 ON + brainstem

 LETM + brainstem

 LETM + cerebral

Brainstem + cerebral

6

4

1

0

4

1

1

NA

4/10

1/10

0/10

3/10

0/10

1/10

1/10

NA

 Attack type at sampling

M (7), B (4), ON (5), Multiple (1)

M (14), B (7), ON (8), Multiple (1)

M (6), B(6), ON (4), Multiple (1)

NA

 Presence of maintenance immunosuppressive therapy at sampling

6/17 (35.3%)

14/30 (46.7%)

3/17 (17.6%)

NA

 Azathioprine

4

2

2

 

 Mycophenolate

0

6

0

 

 Rituximab

1

5

1

 

 Cyclophosphamide

1

0

0

 

 Methotrexate

0

1

0

 
  1. DN-NMOSD, double seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; AQP4–NMOSD, aquaporin 4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; MOGAD, mog antibody associated disease; ONDs, other neurological disorders; SD, standard deviation; NA, not applicable; ON, optic neuritis; LETM, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis; APS, area postrema syndrome; M, myelitis; B, brain attack