Fig. 1

Forest plots for the association of NC, NLR and SII with CSVD. Forest plots show the cORs/ORs for NC and total CSVD burden or presence of CSVD (A, B); the cORs/ORs for NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) and total CSVD burden or presence of CSVD (C, D); the cORs/ORs for SII (systemic immune-inflammation index) and total CSVD burden or presence of CSVD (E, F). Association for ordinal categorical outcome of total CSVD burden was expressed as cOR, whereas presence of CSVD was expressed as OR. The black lines represent the 95% confidence intervals of cORs/ORs. Multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for traditional risk factors of CSVD in Table 1. NC neutrophil count, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, SII systemic immune-inflammation index (platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count), cOR common odds ratio, OR odds ratio. Wardlaw/total CSVD burden: 1 point allocated for presence of lacunes, microbleeds, moderate-to-severe (> 10) perivascular space in basal ganglia, periventricular white matter hyperintensities Fazekas 3 or deep white matter hyperintensities Fazekas 2-3. Rothwell/modified total CSVD burden: 1 point allocated for presence of lacunes, 1-4 microbleeds, frequent to severe (> 20) perivascular space in basal ganglia, moderate white matter hyperintensities (total periventricular + subcortical white matter hyperintensities grade 3-4), 2 points allocated for ≥ 5 microbleeds and severe white matter hyperintensities (total periventricular + subcortical white matter hyperintensities grade 5-6)