Fig. 3
From: Targeting choroid plexus epithelium as a novel therapeutic strategy for hydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus related to choroid plexus epithelium. There are many lesions of choroid plexus that can lead to hydrocephalus. Defective cilia, whether short, sparse or missing, can cause obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow. The disorder of transporters, both the decline of transport capacity and the decrease of protein quantity, will cause problems in cerebrospinal fluid secretion. The impaired ability of efflux transporters to remove metabolic waste will increase osmotic pressure and affect secretion. Obstruction caused by inflammation is also the reason of obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid secretion. The increase of cytokines caused by obesity leads to the obstacle of reflux. Increase of cerebrospinal fluid osmotic pressure and absence of choroid plexus epithelial cells are both the reasons of hydrocephalus. Hb (hemoglobin), CPE (choroid plexus epithelial)