Fig. 1

Isolation and ex vivo expansion of Tregs. CD11c⁺ dendritic cells and CD4⁺ T cells were isolated from bone marrow leukocytes and splenocytes, respectively. CD4⁺CD25⁺ Tregs were isolated after 4 days of CD11c⁺ DC and CD4⁺ T cell co-culture and expanded for 2 weeks. For the in vivo study, TMT was injected into all groups except the non-treated control group. The TMT group consisted of only TMT-intoxicated mice. Aricept group was treated with Aricept as a positive control. For the Treg group, 4 × 10⁴, 2 × 10⁵, or 1 × 10⁶ expanded Tregs were injected per mouse. After the behavioral test, mice were killed (A). The purity (B) and phenotype (C) of the isolated cells were analyzed by flow cytometry