Fig. 3
From: Chronic stress-induced depression requires the recruitment of peripheral Th17 cells into the brain
CRS causes an inflammatory response in the CNS. a–c The expression levels of major cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α are elevated in serum, the DLS and DMS of CRS rats; d and e) CRS-induced morphological changes in astrocytes near the BBB in the DLS and DMS; f and g CRS-induced morphological changes in microglia nearing the BBB in the DLS and DMS; h–k quantification of morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia. Scale bar, 25 μm. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, Student’s t-test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared with control