Fig. 8

Apocynin inhibited angiogenesis via autophagy 7 and 14 days after stroke. At the delayed stage of ischemia, rapamycin induced autophagy and promoted angiogenesis, and 3-MA inhibited autophagy and reduced the number of CD31⁺ stained cells. Apocynin plus 3-MA or rapamycin resulted in autophagy inhibition and simultaneously suppressed angiogenesis compared with 3-MA or rapamycin only. A Representative immunofluorescence images of colocalized CD31 and LC3B staining and DAPI counterstaining 7 days after stroke in the ischemic border. B, C Quantification of CD31- and LC3B-positive cells at 7 days after stroke. D Representative immunofluorescence images of colocalized CD31 and LC3B staining and DAPI counterstaining 14 days after stroke in the ischemic border. E, F Quantification of CD31- and LC3B-positive cells at 14 days after stroke. Scale bar = 50 μm. *P < 0.05 vs. the sham group, ^&P < 0.05 vs. the vehicle group, ^#P < 0.05 vs. the APO group. All data are expressed as the mean ± SD. n = 5/group