Fig. 4

Preventative administration of TGF-β1 rescued the cognitive deficit and locomotion disorder in LPC-modeling mice. A The escape latency of Sham mice and LPC-modeling mice treated with PBS or TGF-β1 during acquisition phase of Morris water maze test. Two‐way ANOVA with repeated measures was used for statistical analysis followed by Bonferroni posttests. **P < 0. 01 versus Sham mice; #P < 0.05 versus Vehicle mice. N = 10 per group. B The times of crossing the platform location in probe trial of Morris water maze test. Representative movement trails of three groups were shown. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05 versus Sham mice; #P < 0.05 versus Vehicle mice. N = 10 per group. CThe Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of motor-associated indexes in Sham mice and LPC-modeling mice treated with PBS or TGF-β1 in TreadScan test. D The heatmap involved some gait parameters with significant difference among three groups in TreadScan test. E The specific statistical charts of Average rear track width, FL average propulsion time, FL average stance time percent, FL average stance press, FL average swing time percent and RL average stance press among three groups. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, n.s. no significance versus Sham mice; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ####P < 0.0001 versus Vehicle mice. N = 12 per group