Fig. 9

Effects of FFA on neuropathological damage, BBB integrity and microglia/macrophage polarization in Trpm4^−/− mice after CA/CPR. A Representative photomicrographs of post-cardiac arrest neuropathological damage characterized by immunofluorescence staining for NeuN, MAP2, GFAP, and Iba1 in the hippocampal CA1 region from each group at 7 days after ROSC. Scale bar, 100 μm or 50 μm. B Semi-quantitative results of NeuN, MAP2, Iba1, and GFAP staining. C Representative photomicrographs of immunofluorescence staining with IgG antibody (red) from each group at 3 days after ROSC and semi-quantitative results of IgG leakage. Scale bar, 100 μm or 50 μm. D Quantification of Evans blue leakage. E Representative photomicrographs of immunofluorescence staining for CD16/32 (green), Arg1 (green) and Iba1 (red) in the brains of each group at 3 days after ROSC. Scale bar, 50 μm. F Quantification of the percentage of CD16/32 and Iba1 double-positive cells as well as Arg1 and Iba1 double-positive cells. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus the WT group, n = 4–8. KO: vehicle-treated Trpm4^−/− mice; KO (FFA): flufenamic acid-treated Trpm4^−/− mice