Table 1 Summary of neurological involvement in COVID-19 patients in existing studies
From: COVID-19 and cognitive impairment: neuroinvasive and blood‒brain barrier dysfunction
Number of patients | Incidence of cognitive impairment | Other types of neurological symptoms | References |
|---|---|---|---|
214 | – | Headache, disturbance of consciousness, neuralgia, ataxia, acute cerebrovascular disease, seizures | [22] |
29 | 59–65% (at 4 months) | Executive dysfunction (33%) | [25] |
2103 | 61.5–80% (at 3 months) | – | [26] |
53 | 61.5% | Hyposmia (26%), headache (21%), ischaemic stroke (11.1%), coordination deficits (74%), paresis (47%), abnormal reflex status (45%), sensory abnormalities (45%) | [27] |
26 | 69.2% | Anosmia (34%), hyposmia (52%), hypogeusia (100%) | [28] |
179 | 58.7% (at 2 months) | Impaired immediate verbal memory and learning (38%), delayed verbal memory (11.8%), verbal fluency (34.6%) and working memory (executive function) (6.1%) | [29] |
226 | 78% | Impaired executive function (50%), impaired psychomotor coordination (57%) | [30] |
1438 | Dementia: 10% (at 6 months)–15% (at 12 months) MCI: 26.54% (at 6 months)–26.1% (at 12 months) | – | [31] |