Fig. 3

LPS induces glycolytic changes in the hippocampus. Glucose uptake was measured by radioactivity assay. Glucose and lactate serum levels were evaluated by spectrophotometric method. Pyruvate carboxylase activity was analyzed by kinetic assay. The phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was evaluated in total homogenates by Western blot and the gene expressions of G6PD and AMPK enzymes were evaluated by RT-PCR. LPS promotes a biphasic response in energy metabolism and, at 6 h, glucose uptake increases, in contrast to observations at 24 h, when glucose uptake is reduced (A). Energy metabolism intermediates were changed in the CSF only at 6 h after neuroinflammation. Glucose levels reduced (B), while lactate levels increased (C) in the CSF. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK (D) was increased and the gene expression of G6PD decreased at both time points after LPS injection (E). AMPK expression was reduced only at 6 h (E). LPS 6 h (euthanized at 6 h after LPS administration), LPS 24 h (euthanized at 24 h after LPS administration). Values are expressed as means ± standard error. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test, assuming P < 0.05. * means significant increase, when compared to sham group, # means significant decrease, when compared to sham group