Fig. 9

Inhibitors of energy metabolism reverse the neuroinflammation induced by LPS in acute hippocampal slices. Pro-inflammatory immunocontents of IL-1β and the S100B protein were measured by ELISA. Metformin, a non-specific hexokinase inhibitor, decreases intra (A) and extracellular (B) IL-1β levels, as well as S100B secretion (C). The inhibitor of PFK1 (3PO) reverses effect induced by LPS on the intracellular cytokine (D), without changes in the secretion of IL-1β (E) or S100B (F). The inhibitor of LDH, oxamic acid (OA) only reverses LPS-induced S100B secretion (I). Conversely, the inhibitor of aconitase (fluorocitrate, FLC) reverses the LPS-induced inflammatory effect on the secretion of IL-1β (K) and of S100B (L), and decreases intracellular IL-1β (J). Values are expressed as means ± standard error. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test, assuming P < 0.05. *means significant increase, when compared to sham group