| DMG | GBM |
---|---|---|
Median age of diagnosis | 6–7 years old | 64 years old |
Survival |  < 1 year | 15 months |
Tumor location | Midline of the brain | Throughout the brain; higher incidence in frontal and temporal lobes |
Cell type of origin | Oligodendrocyte precursor cell | Neural stem cell/oligodendrocyte precursor cell |
Frequent mutations | H3K27M, TP53, ACVR1, PDGFRA, PIK3R1/PIK3CA | TP53, PTEN, IDH1, NF1, EGFR, RB1 |
Tumor features | High genetic homogeneity, tissue histology grade II–IV | Low genetic homogeneity, heterogeneous tissue histology, often paired with a disrupted blood–brain barrier |
Microenvironment features | Low levels of immune infiltration, TAM population is unpolarized | High levels of immunosuppression, TAM population resembles M0 phenotype |
Treatment options | Radiation therapy | Surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy |