Fig. 1

BPRA mouse spinal cord showed increased AR expression. A, B Spinal cord AR protein expression normalized against a loading control (GAPDH) and C mRNA expression following BPRA injury. D Representative images showing elevated spinal AR levels indicated by immunofluorescence staining of neurons (NeuN), microglia (Iba1) and astrocytes (GFAP). The dashed lines in the ventral horn mark areas where MNs are situated. The white arrows indicate colocalization of AR (green color) with NeuN-, IBA1- or GFAP (red color)-positive cells. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM, n = 5 mice/group. *p < 0.01, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 vs. sham, scale bar = 200 µm (a, e), scale bar = 50 µm (b–d, f–h)