Fig. 2

Genetic deletion of KLF11 exacerbates long-term cognitive impairment in mice after TBI. KLF11 KO and WT mice were subjected to TBI or sham operation, followed by a 30 d survival period. Long-term cognitive function was evaluated by the Morris water maze test at 23–28 d after TBI and the passive avoidance test at 29–30 d after TBI. A Swim paths of learning and memory phases during the water maze test. B The latency to find the hidden platform in the place navigation phase (learning). C The swim time in the target quadrant in the probe test (memory). D Average swimming speed in the water maze test. E Graphic protocol of the passive avoidance test. F The latency of entering into the dark box in the passive avoidance test. G Body weight changes 28 d after TBI or sham operation. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 11–12/group. Statistical analyses were performed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test (B, G) and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test (C, D, F). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus TBI + WT group