Fig. 1

Reduction of binge drinking intake in NLRP3 knockout mice. A Schematic diagram depicting the gastric perfusion. C57BL/6 mice received either 25% alcohol or water via gavage. B Left, the samples showing the expression of the NLRP3 in water and alcohol group. Right, the relative expression of NLRP3 increased in mice gavaged with alcohol, *p < 0.05, unpaired t test, n = 3 mice (Water) and 3 mice (Alcohol). C Schematic diagram of the DID procedure. Left, mice were limited to acquire 20% alcohol through a needle tubing for 2 h or 4 h during three training sessions. Right, 3 weeks of DID procedure. For each training session, mice were given 2 h of alcohol consumption on the 1st–3rd day, 4 h of alcohol consumption on the 4th day, and abstinence treatment on the 5th–7th day. D Alcohol intake was lower in NLRP3 KO + alcohol group than WT + alcohol group at 4 h in session 2 and session 3. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, two-way RM ANOVA, n = 10 mice (WT + Alcohol) and 8 mice (NLRP3 KO + Alcohol). E The summary of 4-h alcohol intake in both WT + alcohol and NLRP3 KO + alcohol group from session 1 to 3. *p < 0.05, SNK in two-way RM ANOVA. Data are presented as mean ± SEM