Fig. 7

Mfn2 knockdown abolished the protection of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in neuronal toxicity. A Tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels in astrocyte supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent. B Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined using the DCFDA probe. C Mitochondrial ROS levels were determined using the MitoSOX probe. D The JC-1 probe for mitochondrial membrane potential detection. E Cell counting kit-8 assay for cell viability measurement. F Apoptosis of neurons was determined by flow cytometry. G Apoptosis-related protein levels (cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9) in neurons were determined by western blotting. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test