Fig. 4

ICOSaa reverses astrocyte gliosis in the spinal cord in paclitaxel treated mice. A Representative image of astrocyte labeling using GFAP antibody in the spinal cord of Vehicle, Ptx, and Ptx + ICOSaa groups from female mice. B Representative images of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of vehicle, Ptx, and Ptx + ICOSaa animal cohorts stained with GFAP for astrocyte labeling and DAPI (blue). C Paclitaxel animals showed increased expression of GFAP in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. This was significantly reduced in mice treated with ICOSaa and calculated using CTCF (one-way ANOVA, F = 18.42, p-value = 0.0002, post hoc Tukey, Vehicle vs. Ptx, p-value = 0.0002, Ptx vs. Ptx + ICOSaa, p-value = 0.0048, Vehicle vs. Ptx + ICOSaa, p-value = 0.2485) N = 5/group. Data are represented as mean ± SEMs. Scale bar = 100 µm and 200 µm, respectively