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Table 1 Cytokine/chemokines production control and TGF-β1-treated BMDMs from young and aged mice

From: Old age promotes retinal fibrosis in choroidal neovascularization through circulating fibrocytes and profibrotic macrophages

Cytokines

Young

Aged

 

Control

TGF-β (+)

Control

TGF-β (+)

GM-CSF

0.94 ± 0.33

1.03 ± 0.07

0.78 ± 0.10

1.00 ± 0.04*

G-CSF

1.01 ± 0.45

1.14 ± 0.03

0.76 ± 0.12

1.07 ± 0.17*

IL-1α

3.96 ± 1.22

5.80 ± 0.59

3.40 ± 0.54

5.08 ± 0.73*

IL-1β

16.44 ± 6.44

19.10 ± 1.91

12.53 ± 2.28

16.87 ± 3.64*

IL-10

6.31 ± 1.71

1.29 ± 0.12*

4.01 ± 1.07

1.17 ± 0.15*

CD105

12.36 ± 4.50

11.83 ± 1.21

9.58 ± 1.35

12.69 ± 1.66**

EGF

0.37 ± 0.11

0.42 ± 0.03

0.25 ± 0.06

0.89 ± 0.35*

PDGFα

218.34 ± 55.69

856.18 ± 103.05**

166.56 ± 19.76

821.05 ± 143.99**

PDGFβ

30.62 ± 9.36

123.50 ± 4.51***

20.82 ± 3.17

91.04 ± 22.62**

CCL2

160.12 ± 56.04

65.62 ± 8.95*

143.38 ± 71.02

88.03 ± 27.11

VEGF

402.54 ± 147.91

263.22 ± 78.01

324.79 ± 42.49

241.30 ± 106.44

CXCL10

577.83 ± 44.05

33.56 ± 8.63***

321.68 ± 119.46

31.57 ± 4.75*

OPN

4159.76 ± 3108.26

7469.01 ± 1454.25*

2477.5 ± 1083.4

9403.29 ± 1462.13***

Ang-2

136.67 ± 71.45

108.87 ± 15.26

112.36 ± 38.47

105.50 ± 12.34

uPAR

44.94 ± 15.75

330.99 ± 41.08**

38.70 ± 14.06

398.47 ± 165.26*

  1. Cytokine/growth factor values were normalized to total protein levels of the samples and expressed as pg/total protein. Mean ± SD, n = 4, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 compared to control non-TGF-β1-treated cells of the same age group, paired t test