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Fig. 6 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 6

From: Kynurenic acid blunts A1 astrocyte activation against neurodegeneration in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

Fig. 6

Inhibition of α7nAChR by KYNA and MLA against gp120-induced neurotoxic responses in astrocytes. A Protein levels of α7nAChR, JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in the astrocytes (F7, 224 = 5.972, P < 0.0001; F7, 72 = 3.065, P = 0.007; F7, 176 = 12.99, P = 0.0003). B Immunoblot analysis of the cell lysates presenting the expression of GFAP and C3 proteins (F4, 20 = 11.50, P < 0.0001; F4, 20 = 14.31, P < 0.0001, respectively). C Quantification of the expression of A1-specific genes. D Protein levels of Il-1β, Il-6, Tnf-α. E, F Primary rat astrocytes were treated with 150 pM gp120 for 12 h, then pretreated with 10 μM nicotine (E) or 0.5 μM PNU-282987 (F) for 1 h, followed by co-incubation with 25 μM KYNA for 11 h. The mRNA levels of A1-specific genes were measured. In A, C, D, data are presented as the mean ± SEM. In B, E, F, values are shown in the box and whisker plot, where the line in the box corresponds to the median. Data are analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. compared to the control group. $P < 0.05, $$P < 0.01, $$$P < 0.001 compared to 150 pM HIV-1 gp120 treated group

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