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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Sequential treatment with a TNFR2 agonist and a TNFR1 antagonist improves outcomes in a humanized mouse model for MS

Fig. 3

Sequential treatment decreases demyelination while single treatments interfere with lymphocytes recruitment to the CNS. Immunohistochemical analysis of spinal cord sections of hu/m TNFR1-ki x hu/m TNFR2-ki mice immunized with MOG35-55 and treated either with saline, EHD2-scTNFR2 (TNFR2 agonist), ATROSIMAB (TNFR1 antagonist) or a combination (E + A). Demyelination degree was measured with Klüver Barrera staining at 18 days post-immunization (dpi; n = 5–6/group; A and B) and at 25 dpi (n = 7–10/group; G and H). The number of T cells present in the sections was measured by automated counting of CD3 + cells at 18 dpi (n = 6–7/group; C and D) and 25 dpi (n = 6–9/group; I and J). B-cell clustering was assessed by counting the number of perivascular cuffs (black stars) at 18 dpi (n = 5–7/group; E and F) and 25 dpi (n = 5/group; K and L). Data are presented as mean ± SEM and differences between groups were assessed with Mann–Whitney test. *p < 0.05

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