Fig. 10

Blocking TLR2 alleviated depression-like behaviors and dysosmia induced by E protein. A Representative images of IBA1 expression in the cortex, hippocampus regions, and olfactory bulb from E protein-treated mice receiving Vehicle or C29 injection (scale bar: 50 μm). B, C Fluorescence area analysis showed that C29 significantly downregulated IBA1 expression in the cortex, hippocampus (CA1, CA3, and DG regions), and olfactory bulb. D The percentage of sucrose water consumption for PBS- or E protein-treated female and male mice receiving Vehicle or C29 injection. E The immobility duration in TST test for PBS- or E protein-treated female and male mice receiving Vehicle or C29 injection. F The immobility duration in FST test for PBS- or E protein-treated female and male mice receiving Vehicle or C29 injection. G The latency time for discovering the sunflower seed in olfactory measurement in PBS- or E protein-treated female and male mice receiving Vehicle or C29 injection. n ≥ 6 per group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001; n.s., no significance; Student’s t-test