Fig. 6From: IL-10 production by granulocytes promotes Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infectionIL-10 loss in granulocytes leads to heightened cytokine production by CD4+ and T cells. CD3+ cells were isolated from the brains of Mrp8CreIL-10 fl/fl and wild type (WT) littermates at day 14 post-infection by magnetic bead separation and stimulated immediately ex vivo with PMA + ionomycin (50 ng/mL and 1 µM, respectively) in the presence of brefeldin A (5 μg/mL) for 5 h. Cells were stained with CD4 and ɣδ TCR antibodies, and subsequently fixed and permeabilized to evaluate IFN-γ, IL-17A, and TNF production by intracellular cytokine staining. Data are combined from three independent experiments and presented as A flow plots and B percent cytokine-positive cells (*p < 0.05; unpaired Student’s t-test)Back to article page