Fig. 5

Ch25h deficiency exacerbates ischemic brain injury and neuroinflammation after stroke. A Schematic representation of the experimental design. B Cerebral blood flow monitored using two-dimensional laser speckle imaging techniques before, during middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), 10 min and 3 d after reperfusion. C Results of B were expressed as percent change from baseline (pre-tMCAO). D Representative MAP2 staining of brain infarct and quantification of infarct volume 3 days after stroke in Ch25h^+/−and Ch25h^−/−mice. n = 5–6 per group. E Representative endogenous mouse IgG staining of BBB leakage and quantification of endogenous IgG positive area 3 days after stroke in Ch25h^±and Ch25h^−/−mice. n = 5–6 per group. F Immunostaining of iNOS/CD68 and IBA1 in brain Section 3 days after tMCAO from Ch25h^+/−and Ch25h^−/−mice. Scale bar = 40 μm. G Quantification of the percentage of iNOS⁺/IBA1⁺ and CD68⁺/IBA1⁺ cells in the ischemic brain, n = 5–6 per group. H Survival rate of Ch25h^+/−and Ch25h^−/−mice within 5 days after tMCAO. ^#P ≤ 0.05(Ch25h^+/− + tMCAO vs Ch25h^−/− + tMCAO). I Sensorimotor functions were assessed using the Garcia Score. J Sensorimotor functions were assessed using the rotarod test. K Sensorimotor functions were assessed using the Grid walk. n = 8–10. L Cognitive functions were evaluated in the Morris water maze. Representative images show the swim paths. n = 8–10. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 (Ch25h^+/− + tMCAO vs Ch25h^−/− + tMCAO at 3d, 5d, 7d, 14d, 28d), ^#P ≤ 0.05, ^##P ≤ 0.01, ^####P ≤ 0.0001 (Ch25h^+/− + tMCAO vs Ch25h^−/− + tMCAO), two‐way ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey's tests. (MG microglia, CH25H Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase, IBA-1 ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1, iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase)