Fig. 4

JNK/c-Jun pathway is essential for cytokine release in SCA1 mice. A Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2, and IL-18—four major proinflammatory cytokines from SCA1/WT cerebellum either treated with vehicle or JNK inhibitor as indicated in the bar graph legend. The data were normalized to GAPDH mRNA and are represented as the fold change. B Immunostaining of WT cerebellum using IL-1 receptor (IL-1RI) antibody (red) along with Purkinje cell-specific antibody against inositol-triphosphate receptor type I (IP3RI; green). Sections were also stained for nuclei using DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 50 μm. n = 3 mice. *P < 0.5; ****P < 0.0001, two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. C Immunostaining of WT (JNK inhibitor) and SCA1 (vehicle/JNK inhibitor) treated cerebellum with glia-specific GFAP antibody (red). Sections were also stained for nuclei using DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 100 μm. D Quantification of GFAP fluorescence intensity shown in C. n = 4 mice. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. Inhib inhibitor