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Table 1 Upper Extremity Muscle Strength Before and After 52 Weeks on Pioglitazone

From: Effect of pioglitazone treatment in a patient with secondary multiple sclerosis

 

Muscle Strength Grade

Muscle Group/Function

Before PIO (Baseline)

15 months After PIO

30 months After PIO

 

Right

Left

Right

Left

Right

Left

Hand Flexor Group/Grip

2

3

4

5

4

5

Bicep/Arm Flexion

2

3

4

5

4

5

Tricep/Arm Extension

1

2

4

5

4

5

Shoulder Flexion

1

2

4

5

4

5

Shoulder Abduction

2

3

4

5

4

5

  1. Muscle strength determined using the Oxford Muscle Strength Grading Scale (Grade 0 = No movement; Grade 3 = Completely moves body part against gravity; Grade 5 = Normal)