Figure 2

Effect of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate on lipopolysaccharide-induced MCP-1 expression. Human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells/D3 (hCMEC/D3) were treated with 100 ng/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for the indicated time periods (A,D) or with LPS at the indicated concentrations for 6 h (B) or 24 h (E). (C,F) hCMEC/D3 cells were pretreated with (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) at the indicated concentrations for 1 h prior to LPS treatment (100 ng/mL) for an additional 6 h (C) or 24 h (F). The mRNA expression was determined by quantitative real time PCR and protein levels in the culture medium were measured by conventional ELISA. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three different experiments (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared with no treatment control or LPS treatment only).