An illustration of the experimental design.
1. Verification of intracerebroventricular (icv) stereotaxic coordinates. 2. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity assessment. 3. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) expression measurement. 4. P-gp and BCRP transport activity measurement. 5. Glial activation evaluation by glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry. 6. Brain and serum cytokines/chemokines quantification.