Fig. 7

BCG vaccination induced dura mater macrophage secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; this effect could be prevented by minocycline treatment. a–f Representative micrographs of the dura mater stained for CD11b (green) and IL-10 (red) from the PBS-Reg group (a), BCG-Reg group (b), PBS-Enr group (c), BCG-Enr group (d), PBS-Reg group treated with Mino (e), and BCG-Enr group treated with Mino (f). d1–d4 A higher magnification and single channels of the inset boxed area in d. g Analysis of IL-10 mRNA levels of the dura mater among different groups. h Immunostaining for IL-10 (red) and macrophages (CD11b⁺, green) of the dura mater. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; Student’s t test for comparison of BCG-Enr groups treated with minocycline or not, and two-way ANOVA, LSD post hoc test for others; n = 6 per group. Scale bars 20 μm in a–f; 5 μm in d1–d4 and in h. The data are presented as the means ± SEMs