Fig. 6

GPR43-stimulation of IEL exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, which attenuates EAE manifestation. IEL isolated from 2D2 transgenic Cd45.2^+/+ congenic mice were left untreated (black) or treated with 1.5 μM 4-CMTB (blue) for 1 h and then i.v. transferred into Cd45.1^+/+ congenic mice undergoing EAE at 5 dpi. A Schematic illustration of the experimental design. B Disease severity and the onset were determined. In the left panel, values represent mean ± SEM. In the right panel, each symbol represents data obtained from an individual mouse. Mean ± SD are indicated. C and E Absolute number of CD45.1⁺ total cells or CD45.1⁺ in specific T-cell subsets isolated from IEL (C) or CNS (E) at 15 dpi. D and F Percentage of CD45.1⁺ TCRαβ⁺ cells producing IFNγ isolated from IEL (D) or CNS (F) at 15 dpi. C–F Mean ± SD are indicated. A–F Data were obtained from 10–11 mice per group. Each symbol represents data obtained from an individual mouse. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01 by (B left panel, C, D, E, F) one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test or by (B right panel) unpaired Student’s t-test. (B left panel) Black asterisks correspond to comparisons between UT-IEL and 4-CMTB IEL, whilst grey asterisks correspond to comparisons between non-transferred and 4-CMTB IEL groups