Fig. 2

Increase in hyperphosphorylated τ immunoreactivity in hippocampus of 4 and 6-month-old 5xFAD TAU mice vs. controls. A Hippocampal sections from WT, TAU and 5xFAD TAU 4- and 6-month-old mice were stained using TAU (pS202) antibody. Hippocampus CA3 region is presented (n = 3). Scale bar = 100 µm. B, C WB analysis of GSK-3 levels in TAU and 5xFAD TAU mice as compared to WT mice, showed elevated expression levels of GSK-3 isozymes, GSK-3α and GSK-3β, respectively. Interestingly, only the 5xFAD TAU mice exhibit significant reduction in β-catenin levels as compared to WT (− 63%, p < 0.01), a possible outcome of the increased GSK-3 levels, which targets β-catenin to proteasomal degradation