Fig. 1

Microglia and OPCs were aggregated in the inflammatory microenvironment, and the differentiation of OPCs was inhibited. A Immunofluorescence staining of PDGFRα in the lesion of human brain sample, and B the number of PDGFRα⁺ cells per mm². C Immunofluorescence staining of MBP and PDGFRα in spinal cords of naïve mice, and mice with EAE at disease onset (day 10 p.i.), peak (day 17 p.i.) and chronic phase (day 30 p.i.); and D, E quantitative MBP⁺ area per mm² and the number of PDGFRα⁺ cells per mm². F qRT-PCR of MYRF in spinal cords of naïve and EAE mice at different stages. G Immunofluorescence staining of Iba1/PDGFRα and MYRF/SOX10 (oligodendrocyte lineage cells marker) in spinal cords of naïve and EAE mice (day 17 p.i.), and H–J the number of Iba1⁺, PDGFRα⁺, SOX10⁺MYRF⁺ cells per mm². K OPCs incubated with supernatant and immunofluorescence staining for MYRF, and L MYRF fluorescence intensity. M OPCs incubated with supernatant and immunofluorescence stained with PDGFRα and CNPase, and N, O percentage of PDGFRα⁺, CNPase⁺ cells per mm². P The relative percentage of three differentiation stages of OPCs in each experimental group. Q Immunofluorescence staining of Iba1 and APC in spinal cords of naïve and EAE mice (day 17 p.i.), and R, S the number of Iba1⁺ and APC⁺ per mm². Each data point represents the average of 4–6 regions of interest analyzed per section from at least 3 sections per animal with n ≥ 3 mice per group. Spinal cord samples analyzed in the white matter lesion area (C, G, Q). Typical representative figures show the dorsal cord lesion area of the spinal cord (C). All data are represented by mean ± SEM. T-test was used to determine P values (B, H, I, J, R, S). One-way ANOVA was used to determine P values (D, E, F, L, N, O). * P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.Two-way ANOVA was used to determine P values (P). Groups that do not share the same letter are significantly (P < 0.05). One representative of three independent experiments is shown. Scale bar = 200 μm (the left part of figure A and C), 100 μm (A, the right part of A and C, G, M, P), and 50 μm (K)