Fig. 3

Exosome miRNA expression analysis and target gene prediction. A Gene expression heat maps and B volcano plots of miRNAs with significantly different expressions in EXOs/EXOs-LPS. C miR-615-5p target gene network expression map. D Schematic diagram of ExoView analysis. E ExoView detected the miR-615-5p of EXOs and EXOs-LPS by the specific probe and F the percentage of miR-615-5p⁺ particles. G FISH detected the expression of miR-615-5p in SM and SM-LPS, and H the miR-615-5p fluorescence intensity. I Immunofluorescence staining and FISH detected the expression of Iba1 and miR-615-5p in EAE/naïve spinal cords, and J the number of Iba1⁺miR-615-5p⁺ cells per mm². K miRDB, TargetScan, and miRWalk online tools obtained miR-615-5p target genes related to OPCs differentiation. Sequencing data in 3 groups, each group n = 3 (A). Each data point represents the average of at least 4-6 regions of interest analyzed in each well, n ≥ 3 wells per group (E–J). All data are represented by mean ± SEM. t-tests were used to determine P values (H, J). Two-way ANOVA was used to determine P values (F). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. One representative of three independent experiments is shown. Scale bar = 5 μm (E), 20 μm (G) and 100 μm (I)