Fig. 2

Impact of innate immune response on the recovery of retinal parenchyma and barrier function after laser-induced injury. a, b Kinetics of retinal injury detected as back-scattered light (Reflectance) in untreated, GM-CSF1 KO and Cx3cr1^gfp/gfp mice. The damage was identified as a hypo-reflective circle (≥ 10% lower intensity compared to healthy parenchyma) surrounding a hyper-reflective core (≥ 10% higher intensity compared to healthy parenchyma). a Images show a reduction of reflective area in the damaged site (delimited by magenta dashes) of GM-CSF1 KO and Cx3cr1^gfp/gfp retinas on day 1 compared to untreated retinas. b Quantification of the damaged area of untreated, GM-CSF1 KO and Cx3cr1^gfp/gfp retinas after injury (day 0) and on days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14). Significant differences (*p < 0.1, **p < 0.01, and ****p < 0.0001) between untreated, GM-CSF1 KO and Cx3cr1^gfp/gfp mice were determined by using a post-hoc Bonferroni one-way ANOVA test (n = 8). c Representative angiographs of untreated, GM-CSF1 KO and Cx3cr1^gfp/gfp eyes on day 7. d Quantification of leakage deep in the retina after injury (day 0) and on days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14. Significant differences (*p < 0.1, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001) between untreated, GM-CSF1 KO and Cx3cr1^gfp/gfp mice were determined using a post-hoc Bonferroni one-way ANOVA test (n = 8). Day 0 was chosen as the calibrator [NRQ (normalized relative quantification) = 1]. Field of view is ≈425 µm