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Microglia are increasingly understood to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The rs75932628 (p.R47H) TREM2 variant is a well-established risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. TREM2 i...
Previously we reported that inhibition of GPR17 prevents amyloid β 1–42 (Aβ1-42)-induced cognitive impairment in mice. However, the role of GPR17 on cognition is still largely unknown.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an uncommon type of potentially fatal stroke. The pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury remain unclear, which hinders the development of drugs for SAH. We aimed to inve...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition progress slowly in the cerebellum compared to other brain regions, while the entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the most vulnerable regi...
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a natural anthocyanin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, as the effects of C3G on the amyloidogenic pathway, autophagy, tau phosphorylation,...
Brain pericytes participate in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and the maintenance of blood–brain barrier integrity. Because of their perivascular localization, their receptor repertoire, and their poten...
Cochlear implants (CIs) restore hearing to deafened patients. The foreign body response (FBR) following cochlear implantation (post-CI) comprises an infiltration of macrophages, other immune and non-immune cel...
Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are associated with stroke, cognitive decline, and normal aging. Our previous study shows that the interaction between oxidatively stressed red blood cells (RBC) and cerebral en...
Lipid metabolism has a crucial role in neural repair in neurodegenerative diseases. We recently revealed that lipogenesis-mediated interleukin-33 (IL-33) upregulation lead to blood–brain barrier (BBB) repair a...
The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis was used in combination with a Cav1.2 conditional knock-out mouse (Cav1.2KO) to study the role of astrocytic voltage-gated Ca++ chan...
Ongoing neuroaxonal damage is a major contributor to disease progression and long-term disability in multiple sclerosis. However, spatio-temporal distribution and pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroaxonal d...
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes significant long-term neurocognitive dysfunction, which is associated with hippocampal neuroinflammation. Growing evidences have shown that astrocytes played a significant ...
Emerging evidence has shown that myeloid cells that infiltrate into the peri-infarct region may influence the progression of ischemic stroke by interacting with microglia. Properdin, which is typically secrete...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can prompt an immediate disruption to the blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB). Restoring the integrity of this barrier is vital for the recovery of neurological function post-SCI. The UTX...
Although peripheral nerves have an intrinsic self-repair capacity following damage, functional recovery is limited in patients. It is a well-established fact that macrophages accumulate at the site of injury. ...
This study investigated chronic and repeated sleep deprivation (RSD)-induced neuronal changes in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway/O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (HBP/O-GlcNAc) cycling of glucose metabolism and furth...
Efferocytosis is a process that removes apoptotic cells and cellular debris. Clearance of these cells alleviates neuroinflammation, prevents the release of inflammatory molecules, and promotes the production o...
Enteric glia contribute to the pathophysiology of various intestinal immune-driven diseases, such as postoperative ileus (POI), a motility disorder and common complication after abdominal surgery. Enteric glio...
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2022 19:38
Microglia, an immune cell found exclusively within the CNS, initially develop from haematopoietic stem cell precursors in the yolk sac and colonise all regions of the CNS early in development. Microglia have b...
Inflammation during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Increased gestational inflammation can be a result of an immune condition/disease, exposure to infecti...
Disruption of the extracellular matrix at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) underpins neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). The degradation of extracellular matrix components, such as heparan sulfate (HS) ...
Childhood represents a period of significant growth and maturation for the brain, and is also associated with a heightened risk for mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI). There is also concern that repeated-mTB...
Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a devastating neonatal stroke, in which neuroinflammation is a critical pathological contributor. Slit2, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, plays a repulsive role in a...
Neuroinflammation contributes to secondary injury cascades following traumatic brain injury (TBI), with alternating waves of inflammation and resolution. Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a critical neuroinflammatory medi...
The Correction to this article has been published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2023 20:287
The astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit morphological and functional diversity in brain region-specific pattern. Functional alterations of reactive astrocytes are commonly present in human t...
Peripheral facial palsy (PFP) is a common neurologic symptom which can be triggered by pathogens, autoimmunity, trauma, tumors, cholesteatoma or further local conditions disturbing the peripheral section of th...
Homozygous CD59-deficient patients manifest with recurrent peripheral neuropathy resembling Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), hemolytic anemia and recurrent strokes. Variable mutations in CD59 leading to loss of ...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant worldwide public health concern that necessitates attention. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), a key player in various central nervous system (CNS) dise...
Myelin that surrounds axons breaks in trauma and disease; e.g., peripheral nerve and spinal cord injuries (PNI and SCI) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Resulting myelin debris hinders repair if not effectively sc...
Microglia, the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are derived from the yolk sac and populate the brain during development. Once microglia migrate to the CNS, they are self-renewing and r...
Perinatal infection/inflammation is associated with a high risk for neurological injury and neurodevelopmental impairment after birth. Despite a growing preclinical evidence base, anti-inflammatory interventio...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. Impaired autophagy in plaque-associated microglia (PAM) has been reported to accelerate amyloid plaque deposition and cognitive impair...
Inflammasome activation and the subsequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) have been widely reported to contribute to the progression of retinal degenerations, including ...
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration causes vision loss from destructive angiogenesis, termed choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Cx3cr1−/− mice display alterations in non-classical monocytes and microgli...
Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is essential for glucose transport into the brain and is predominantly expressed in the cerebral microvasculature. Downregulation of GLUT1 precedes the development of cognitive im...
The noradrenergic innervation of the spleen is implicated in the autonomic control of inflammation and has been the target of neurostimulation therapies for inflammatory diseases. However, there is no real-tim...
Low-grade, chronic inflammation in the central nervous system characterized by glial reactivity is one of the major hallmarks for aging-related neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The bas...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Infiltrating inflammatory immune cells perpetuate demyelination and axonal damage in the CNS and si...
The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is an evolutionarily conserved zinc-dependent metallopeptidase highly expressed in the brain, where its specific functions remain poorly understood. Besides insulin, IDE is a...
Acute stroke leads to the activation of myeloid cells. These cells express adhesion molecules and transmigrate to the brain, thereby aggravating injury. Chronically after stroke, repair processes, including an...
Neuroinflammation is a complex biological process that plays a significant role in various brain disorders. Microglia and astrocytes are the key cell types involved in inflammatory responses in the central ner...
Stroke is the most common cause of long-term disability and places a high economic burden on the global healthcare system. Functional outcomes from stroke are largely determined by the extent of ischemic injur...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has traditionally been viewed as a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the white matter of the central nervous system. However, over the past two decades, increasing evidence has hig...
Periodontitis-related oral microbial dysbiosis is thought to contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuroinflammation and brain amyloid production. Since probiotics can modulate periodontitis/oral dysbiosis, t...
Some patients show persistent cognitive decline for weeks, months or even years after surgery, which seriously affects their long-term prognosis and quality of life. However, most previous basic studies have f...
Brain activity governing cognition and behaviour depends on the fine-tuned microenvironment provided by a tightly controlled blood–brain barrier (BBB). Brain endothelium dysfunction is a hallmark of BBB breakd...
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) stands out among CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CIDDs) due to its unique disease characteristics, including severe clinical attacks with extensive lesio...
The inflammatory response to cerebral ischemia is complex; however, most clinical studies of stroke outcome focus on a few selected proteins. We, therefore, aimed to profile a broad range of inflammation-relat...
Microglia are so versatile that they not only provide immune surveillance for central nervous system, but participate in neural circuitry development, brain blood vessels formation, blood–brain barrier archite...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation