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Neuroinflammation is one of the most important pathogeneses in secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) forming neutrophils were found throughout the bra...
Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase whose activity propagates inflammatory signaling through its association with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and subsequent TAK1...
To explore the association of systemic inflammatory index (SIRI), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and inflammatory prognosis index (IPI) with 90d outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) ...
Spinal cord injury (SCI), which causes loss of sensory and motor function in the body below the level of injury, is a devastating disease of the central nervous system. SCI leads to severe secondary immunosupp...
Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne RNA viruses found worldwide that, when introduced into the human body, cause diseases, including neuroinfections, that can lead to serious metabolic consequences and even death...
Viral rewiring of host bioenergetics and immunometabolism may provide novel targets for therapeutic interventions against viral infections. Here, we have explored the effect on bioenergetics during the infecti...
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) remains a predominant cause of Japanese encephalitis (JE) globally. Its infection is usually accompanied by disrupted blood‒brain barrier (BBB) integrity and central nervous s...
Recent studies suggest that extended interval dosing of ocrelizumab, an anti-B cell therapy, does not affect its clinical effectiveness in most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it remains to be ...
Studies of microglial gene manipulation in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) amyloidopathy can cause unpredictable effects on various key endpoints, including amyloidosis, inflammation, neuritic dystrop...
The Correction to this article has been published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2023 20:288
Type I interferons (IFN-I) are fundamental in controlling viral infections but fatal interferonopathy is restricted in the immune-privileged central nervous system (CNS). In contrast to the well-established ro...
Neuronal iron overload contributes to synaptic damage and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying iron deposition in depression remain largely unexplored. Our study aims to inv...
The contribution of the gut microbiome to neuroinflammation, cognition, and Alzheimer’s disease progression has been highlighted over the past few years. Additionally, inhibition of various components of the c...
The intravenous delivery of adult neural precursor cells (NPC) has shown promising results in enabling cerebroprotection, brain tissue remodeling, and neurological recovery in young, healthy stroke mice. Howev...
In the demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic-active brain inflammation, remyelination failure and neurodegeneration remain major issues despite immunotherapy. While B cell depletion and blocka...
Cellular senescence serves as a fundamental and underlying activity that drives the aging process, and it is intricately associated with numerous age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neu...
Vascular endothelial function is challenged during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. The endothelial responses are involved in inflammatory leukocyte attraction, adhesion and infiltration, blood–brain barrier...
Retinal degeneration is a disease affecting the eye, which is an immune-privileged site because of its anatomical and physiological properties. Alterations in retinal homeostasis—because of injury, disease, or...
Neonatal hyperoxia exposure is associated with brain injury and poor neurodevelopment outcomes in preterm infants. Our previous studies in neonatal rodent models have shown that hyperoxia stimulates the brain’...
17β-Estradiol (E2) is generally considered neuroprotective in humans. However, the current clinical use of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is based on the physiological dose of E2 to treat menopausal syndro...
Astrocytes contribute to chronic neuroinflammation in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common movement disorder. However, the precise role of astrocytes in ...
Optic nerve injury (ONI) is a key cause of irreversible blindness and triggers retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) change and synapse loss. Microglia is the resistant immune cell in brain and retina and has been dem...
Understanding the microglial neuro-immune interactions in the primate brain is vital to developing therapeutics for cortical injury, such as stroke or traumatic brain injury. Our previous work showed that mese...
Peripheral nerve injury to dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons develops intractable neuropathic pain via induction of neuroinflammation. However, neuropathic pain is rare in the early life of rodents. Here, we ...
Epidemiological data suggests statins could reduce the risk of dementia, and more specifically, Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pre-clinical data suggests statins reduce the risk of dementia through their pleiotropi...
Most current disease-modifying therapies approved for multiple sclerosis (MS) are immunomodulatory drugs that counteract the aberrant activity of the immune system. Hence, new pharmacological interventions tha...
Medical advances have made it increasingly possible for spinal cord injury (SCI) survivors to survive decades after the insult. But how SCI affects aging changes and aging impacts the injury process have recei...
Individuals who have experienced mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) suffer from several comorbidities, including chronic pain. Despite extensive studies investigating the underlying mechanisms of mTBI-assoc...
Cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) has recently emerged as one of the most important predictors of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and is a risk factor for post-stroke dementia in cerebral amyloid angio...
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a key signaling node in B cell receptor (BCR) and Fc receptor (FcR) signaling. BTK inhibitors (BTKi) are an emerging oral treatment option for patients suffering from multiple...
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is often characterized pathologically by severe neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Phagocytic activity of microglia is essential for clearing apoptotic neuronal debris, allowing for...
Smoke from wildland fires has been shown to produce neuroinflammation in preclinical models, characterized by neural infiltrations of neutrophils and monocytes, as well as altered neurovascular endothelial phe...
Depression is a common mood disorder characterized by a range of clinical symptoms, including prolonged low mood and diminished interest. Although many clinical and animal studies have provided significant ins...
Recent data suggest that myelin may be altered by physiological events occurring outside of the central nervous system, which may cause changes to cognition and behavior. Similarly, peripheral infection by non...
A sports-related concussion (SRC) is often caused by rapid head rotation at impact, leading to shearing and stretching of axons in the white matter and initiation of secondary inflammatory processes that may e...
Microglia, the brain’s principal immune cells, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a condition shown to affect more females than males. Although sex differences in microglial ...
Neuroinflammation is a widely studied phenomenon underlying various neurodegenerative diseases. Earlier study demonstrated that pharmacological activation of GPR110 in both central and peripheral immune cells ...
The 18kD translocator protein (TSPO) is used as a positron emission tomography (PET) target to quantify neuroinflammation in patients. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the cerebellum is the pseudo-reference region...
Microglia are the resident innate immune cells in the brain with a major role in orchestrating immune responses. They also provide a frontline of host defense in the central nervous system (CNS) through their ...
Although mainly causing a respiratory syndrome, numerous neurological symptoms have been identified following of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, how the virus affects the brain and how the mutations carried by ...
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) is the main type II methyltransferase, catalyzes protein arginine residue symmetric dimethylation, and modulates normal cellular physiology and disease progression....
Healing of intracranial aneurysms following endovascular treatment relies on the organization of early thrombus into mature scar tissue and neointima formation. Activation and deactivation of the inflammation ...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that leads to irreversible damage to the brain and spinal cord. The goal of so-called "immune reconstitution therapies" (IRTs) i...
Dysfunction of microglia during aging affects normal neuronal function and results in the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. Retinal microglial senescence attributes to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients initially develop respiratory symptoms, but they may also suffer from neurological symptoms. People with long-lasting effects after acute infections with severe res...
Brain microglia and macrophages (Mi/MΦ) can shift to a harmful or advantageous phenotype following an ischemic stroke. Identification of key molecules that regulate the transformation of resting Mi/MΦ could ai...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable, progressive and devastating neurodegenerative disease. Pathogenesis of AD is associated with the aggregation and accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ), a major neurotoxic ...
Systemic inflammation triggers protective as well as pro-inflammatory responses in the brain based on neuronal and/or cytokine signaling, and it associates with acutely and protractedly disrupted cognition. Ho...
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common neurological complication following anesthesia and surgery. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that neuroinflammation caused by systemic inflammatory re...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the world. The pathology of AD is affiliated with the elevation of both tau (τ) and β-amyloid (Aβ) pathologies. Yet, the direct link between natural...
Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the initiation and progression of several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mul...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation