Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants
From: Plasma cytokine profiling in sibling pairs discordant for autism spectrum disorder
| Â | Children with ASD, n = 25 | Healthy siblings, n = 25 | Z score | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethnicity, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | |
 Caucasian | 21 (88.0) | – | – | |
 Hispanic | 1 (4.0) | – | – | |
 Caucasian-Hispanic | 1 (4.0) | – | – | |
 Asian | 1 (4.0) | – | – | |
Age, years, mean ± SD | 8.11 ± 3.65 | 7.44 ± 3.12 | 1.232 | 0.218 |
VABS scores, median ± IQR/2 |  |  |  |  |
 Communication | 54.5 ± 14.3 | 100.0 ± 10.5 | −3.945 | 3.9 × 10 -5 |
 Daily living skills | 55.5 ± 12.8 | 95.0 ± 11.5 | −3.875 | 5.3 × 10 -5 |
 Motor skills | 75.0 ± 12.5 | 103.0 ± 8.5 | −3.180 | 7.4 × 10 -4 |
 Composite | 53.5 ± 10.8 | 94.0 ± 11.0 | −3.920 | 4.4 × 10 -5 |
SRS scores, mean ± SD |  |  |  |  |
 Social awareness | 75.3 ± 11.0 | 46.8 ± 10.3 | 3.516 | 2.2 × 10 -4 |
 Social cognition | 80.8 ± 11.4 | 46.2 ± 7.7 | 3.516 | 2.2 × 10 -4 |
 Social communication | 82.9 ± 11.7 | 47.1 ± 13.1 | 3.516 | 2.2 × 10 -4 |
 Social motivation | 76.6 ± 10.7 | 49.8 ± 15.8 | 3.258 | 5.6 × 10 -4 |
 Mannerisms | 85.8 ± 12.6 | 49.1 ± 14.0 | 3.516 | 2.2 × 10 -4 |
 T score, total | 85.8 ± 11.8 | 47.3 ± 12.8 | 3.516 | 2.2 × 10 -4 |
Head circumference, median percentile ± IQR/2 | 82.0 ± 16.0 | 84.0 ± 10.0 | −0.805 | 0.421 |
Full IQ, median ± IQR/2 | 71.0 ± 12.0 | 105.5 ± 10.0 | −2.201 | 0.028 |
Subgroups, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Non-verbal | 7 (28.0) | NA | – | – |
 GI issues | 7 (28.0) | NA | – | – |
 Regression | 8 (32.0) | NA | – | – |
 Allergy history | 5 (20.0) | NA | – | – |