Figure 5

The spatiotemporal relationship of microglia morphological changes after ischemic stroke and reperfusion. The percent change in the number of microglia process endpoints/cell (A) and microglia process length/cell (B) between the contralateral and ipsilateral regions (1–4) was calculated for each time point (ischemia, ischemia and 8 h of reperfusion, and ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion) for two-way ANOVA analysis. A There was a significant interaction effect between brain regions and time points (F = 4.17, p < 0.001, two-way ANOVA). Main effects, region and time of reperfusion were also significant (F = 3.70, p < 0.05 and F = 20.86, p < 0.0001, respectively). There were significant changes in microglia process endpoints/cell after ischemia and 8 h of reperfusion in region 1 (^p < 0.05 vs. ischemia) and after ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion in region 1, 2 and 3 (^^^ p < 0.0001, ^^ p < 0.001 and ^p < 0.05 vs. ischemia). There were no significant changes in microglia process endpoints/cell in any region when comparing the 8-h reperfusion and 24-h reperfusion time points (one-way ANOVA analysis with Bonferroni post-hoc). B There was a significant interaction effect between brain regions and time point (F = 2.6, p = 0.01, 2-way ANOVA) and a significant main effect for time of reperfusion but not region (F = 21.16, p < 0.0001 and F = 1.54, p = 0.20, respectively). There were significant changes in microglia process endpoints/cell after ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion in regions 1, 2 and 3 (^^^p < 0.0001, ^^ p < 0.001 and ^p < 0.05 vs. ischemia) but no significant changes in any region when comparing after ischemia and 8 h of reperfusion vs. ischemia only or ischemia and 8 h of reperfusion and ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion (one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis).