Figure 6

Dose-dependent inhibition of ET-induced changes in CCL2, CXCL1 and CX3CL1 mRNA levels by signal transduction inhibitors. Serum-starved astrocytes were treated with 100 nM ET-1 for one (CCL2 and CXCL1) or six (CX3CL1) hours. Different concentrations of signal transduction inhibitors (SN50, mithramycin, SB203580, SP600125 and staurosporine) were included in the medium 30 minutes before treatment with ET-1. The expression of CCL2, CXCL1 and CX3CL1 mRNA was normalized to G3PDH and expressed as the % of no treatment cultures. Data are the mean ± SEM of 6 to 12 experiments. *P <0.05, **P <0.01 versus no treatment, ^# P <0.05, ^## P <0.01 versus ET-1 with no inhibitor by one-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s PLSD test. ANOVA, analysis of variance; ET, endothelin; G3PDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; PLSD, protected least significant difference; SEM, standard error of the mean.