Figure 1
ATP induced a neurotoxic phenotype in non-transgenic astrocytes. (A) Motor neuron stained for p75NTR cultured on the top of an astrocyte monolayer (B) Motor neuron survival in coculture with astrocytes pretreated with ATP (100 μM, top graph) as described in the diagram (bottom). Astrocytes treated for 5, 3 or 1 day(s) received 3, 2 or 1 ATP addition(s) correspondingly. (C) Survival of motor neurons in pure cultures exposed to conditioned media from control or ATP-pretreated astrocytes (100 μM, 5 days, 3 additions). (D) GFAP immunofluorescence of control and ATP-treated astrocytes (100 μM, 5 days, 3 additions) (E) Motor neuron survival in co-culture with astrocytes pretreated with ATP and apyrase (5 U/ml), ADP, AMP or Adenosine (ADO, 0.1 μM, 5 days) on motor neuron survival. Data are expressed as percentage of control, mean ± SEM from at least three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, significantly different from untreated control.