Figure 4

Effect of hypothermia on pro-inflammatory gene expression in LPS-stimulated microglial cells. Primary microglial cells (5 x 10⁵ cells per well in a six-well plate) were treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) under hypothermia (29 °C) or normothermia (37 °C) as indicated (A). Total RNA was isolated at six hours after the LPS treatment. The levels of cytokine or chemokine mRNA were determined by real-time RT-PCR. The data were normalized to GAPDH (B). Results are mean ± SD (n = 3). *P <0.05, **P < 0.01; significantly different from the LPS-treated group under normothermia. LPS, lipopolysaccharide; n, number.